I would like to share some common questions on Genetics.
The first question, what is allele ?
Allele is one of two or more alternative forms of a gene which are
usually recognizable by genotypes. These alleles are located in the locus of chromosome.
Haploid is a cell that contain half as many chromosomes or one set chromosome,
as somatic cells. Usually it
is symbolized as (n). While Diploid is a cell, tissue, or organism that contain two genomes or
chromosome sets. Usually it
is symbolized as (2n).
The third question, how those three component related ?
Those three component linked each other in the Law of Segregation,
which proposed by Mendel. The law states that unit of hereditary characters
occur in pairs, consist of two or more allele, and that in the formation of
gametes are going to segregate so that only one member of the pair goes into a
particular gamete. It is a matter of chance
whether a particular gamete gets the dominant or the recessive allele. When the
male and female gametes, which the set chromosome is haploid, fuse during
fertilization to form zygote, the diploid number is restored.
In some
microorganisms, the major portion of the life cycle is in the haploid stage.
They become diploid during sexual conjugation, which is immediately followed by
meiosis and the consequent formation of new haploid clones. Phenotypically,
each allele is not masked by an allelic mate and segregation between genes give
different phenotypic ratio from those in diploid organism.
Source : Ramirez, D.A. 1991. Genetics 7th Ed. University of The Philippines. Los Banos.
